Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patient groups. The sf 36 is a wellresearched, reliable and valid broadbased, sophisticated instrument with population. Mos 36item short form survey instrument sf36 english pdf. This article is not a critique of the sf 36, rather, it underscores its viability as an instrument for measuring physical and mental health and wellbeing. Im international quality of life assessment project iqola, einer arbeitsgruppe. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health. Adult measures of general health and healthrelated. The sf 36 is an indicator of overall health status. The main aim of this paper was to examine the reliability and validity of this instrument in young adults. Mos 36item short form survey instrument sf36 arabic pdf.
Please answer the 36 questions of the health survey completely, honestly, and. We refer to it as a generic health survey because it can be used across age 18 and older, disease, and treatment group, as opposed to a. Short form 36 sf 36 assessment overview assessment area icf domain. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs. The 36item short form health survey sf36 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily. Australian data for the sf36 health survey is provided by stevenson 1996 9. Respondents are asked to answer items referring to the past 4 weeks. Translation, psychometric testing and norming is currently ongoing in 15 countries including germany, which are associated within the international quality of life. The sf 36 was designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and. Sf 36 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered qualityoflife measures. Compared to one year ago, how would you rate your health in general now. Validity and reliability of mos short form health survey. It comprises 36 questions which cover eight domains of health.
A general indicator of health status function and wellbeing and includes primarily nonpsychiatric health status questions. The mos 36 item shortform health survey sf 36 was constructed to broaden the health concepts measured and improve measurement precision for each concept over that achieved by the sf 20. All questions are scored on a scale from 0 to 100, with 100 representing the highest level of functioning possible. It stems from a study called the medical outcomes study. Scoring the rand 36item health survey is a twostep process. Comparison of the asthma health questionnaire33japan and.
Rand 36 item short form health survey sf 36 author. The ahq33japan and the medical outcomes study shortform 36item health survey sf36 were completed simultaneously by 126 japanese patients with asthma 48 men, 78 women. The short form 36 health survey questionnaire the sf36 was developed in the usa for use in the rand corporations health insurance experiment. Validation of a frenchlanguage version of the mos 36item.
Fill in the rand 36 questionnaire, the rand 36 result score will be automatically calculated. Short form health survey, and the rand 36item health survey 1. A new generic health status measure gaining popularity is the sf36, a relatively brief and simple questionnaire developed from the medical outcomes study in the united states. The sf 12 is a shorter version of the sf 36 and uses only 12.
The article is a conceptual analysis of the sf 36, from the viewpoint of four models of health. The sf 36 is a practical and widelytested instrument for measuring health status and medical outcomes. For each scale, item completion rates were high across all groups 88%. The sf 36 health survey sf 36 is a generic measure designed to examine perceived health status. The medical outcomes study shortform health survey sf 36 is a widely used generic health related quality of life qol instrument consisting of 36 questions and measuring health in eight dimensions. Determinants of improvement in quality of life of alcoholdependent patients during an inpatient withdrawal programme. The shortform 36 sf36 health survey is a brief selfadministered questionnaire that generates scores across 8. A 36item short form sf36 was constructed to survey health status in the. Medical outcomes study short form 36 item sf 36 and short form 12 item sf 12 health surveys description purpose. Mos 36 item short form survey instrument sf 36 arabic pdf scoring instructions for mos 36 item short form survey instrument sf 36 choose one option for each questionnaire item. Next, formulas for item aggregation and transformation of scale scores are presented. The sf36 is a practical and widelytested instrument for measuring health status.
The sf 36 includes one multi item scale that assesses eight health concepts. Validation of a frenchlanguage version of the mos 36 item short form health survey sf 36 in young healthy adults. Article information, pdf download for the mos 36item short form health. These measures rely upon patient selfreporting and are now widely utilized by. Sf36 health survey manual and interpretation guide. The mos 36 item short form health survey sf 36 is designed to measure 8 dimensions of health in clinical and general population settings. Crosssectional data from the medical outcomes study mos were analyzed to test the validity of the mos 36item shortform health survey sf 36 scales as measures of physical and mental health constructs. Rand recommends the following straightforward approach to scoring the rand 36 item health survey.
It stems from a study called the medical outcomes study 1. The resulting 12 item short form sf 12 achieved multiple r squares of 0. A 36 item shortform sf 36 was constructed to survey health status in the medical outcomes study. Recently, ware and sherbourne 1 published a new short. Background and purpose few studies have examined the utility of a new generic health status measure, the short form 36 health survey questionnaire sf 36, in stroke patients. It comprises 36 questions which cover eight domains of health 2. The aim of the study is to assess the psychometric properties of the 36 item short form health survey sf 36 in medical students in mainland of china.
The sf 36 was designed for use in clinical practice. Health assessment lab, new england medical center, 1997. The sf 36 includes one multi item scale that assesses eight health conce. The following items are about activities you might do during a typical day. Results from traditional psychometric and clinical tests of validity were compared. New england medical center, the health institute, 1993. Validation of the short form 36 sf36 health survey. Conceptual framework and item selection find, read and cite all the research. Rachel lu, ms,t and cathy donald sherbourne, phdf the widespread use of standardized health surveys is predicated on the. Jr ware and others published the mos 36 item shortform health status survey sf 36, i. The 36item short form survey sf 36 is an oftused, wellresearched, selfreported measure of health. German translation and psychometric testing of the sf 36 health survey.
The resulting short form survey instrument provides a solution to the problem faced by many investigators who must restrict survey length. The sf 36 health survey is a generic instrument for the assessment of health related quality of life developed as a short form of the instruments used in the medical outcome study. First, precoded numeric values are recoded per the scoring key given in table 1. The short form 36 item survey is one of the most commonly used instruments for assessing health related quality of life. The 36 item short form health survey sf 36 is widely validated and popularly used in assessing the subjective quality of life qol of patients and the general public. Short form36 sf 36 was developed in the 1980s to measure selfreported hrqol, sponsored by the rand corporation. Noteworthy improvements include the addition of items tapping vitality, better representation of the domain of general health perceptions. Normative data for the irish population article pdf available in irish journal of medical science 1693. Two identical versions of the original instrument are currently available. Crosssectional data from the medical outcomes study mos were analyzed to test the validity of the mos 36 item shortform health survey sf 36 scales as measures of physical and mental health constructs. Pdf the mos 36item shortform health status survey sf. Medical outcome short form 36 health survey clintools.
The 36item short form of the medical outcomes study questionnaire sf36 was. The mos 36 item short form health survey sf 36 was constructed to broaden the health concepts measured and improve measurement precision for each concept over that achieved by the sf 20. The sf36 is distributed by mos trust inc and strict adherence to item wording and scoring recommendations is required in order to use the sf36 trademark type of instrument the sf 36 is a short form measure of generic health status in the general population. Our aim was to test the internal consistency and validity of the sf 36 in a cohort of longterm stroke survivors. The sf36 health survey sf 36 is a generic measure designed to examine perceived health status. Analyses were conducted among 3,445 patients and were replicated across 24 subgroups differing in sociodemographic characteristics, diagnosis, and disease severity. The resulting shortform survey instrument provides a solution to the problem faced by many investigators who must restrict survey length. Methods the australian version of the sf 36 was tested in 90 consecutive 1year stroke survivors mean age. The shortform 36 health survey rand corporation and john e. Rand developed the 36item short form health survey sf36 as part of the medical. The sf 20 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered qualityoflife measures. Rand 36 score calculator rand 36 item health survey v1.
Pdf a 36item shortform sf36 was constructed to survey health status in the medical outcomes study. It was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions. The sf36 health survey developed out of work on the medical outcomes study or rand health insurance experiment. The sf 36 and sf 12 are multi item generic health surveys intended to measure general health concepts not speci. Medical outcomes study 36item shortform health survey. Conceptual framework and item selection created date. The 12 item short form health survey sf 12 was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions. The original sf 36 stemmed from the medical outcome study, mos. Validity and reliability of mos short form health survey sf. The resulting 12 item shortform sf 12 achieved multiple r squares of 0.
Set of generic, coherent, and easily administered qualityoflife measures. Jan 10, 2012 the medical outcomes study short form health survey sf 36 is a widely used generic health related quality of life qol instrument consisting of 36 questions and measuring health in eight dimensions. The content and features of the sf36 are compared with the 20item medical outcomes study shortform. Answers to the questions yield the following eight domains scored from 0 low to 100 high and two summary physical. Recently, ware and sherbourne published a new shortform health survey, the mos 36 item shortform health survey sf 36, consisting of 36 items included in long form measures developed for the. The sf 36 was designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and general population surveys. An item on selfreported health transition is not included in the derivation. General scoring information and steps for data entry and scoring that are common to all items are discussed first see figure 6. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health survey sf 36 about.
It is a practical, reliable and valid measure of physical and mental health that can be completed in five to ten minutes. Medical outcomes study short form 36 rehabmeasures database. Medical outcomes study 36item shortform health survey sf 36 description. The short form 36 health survey rand corporation and john e. Quality of life into various summary the medical outcomes study short form 36 sf 36 is a generic health status measure that was introduced in 1992, and has been translated languages. Contact qualitymetric incorporated for information regarding licensing fees for your institution. The short form 36 health survey is a 36 item, patientreported survey of patient health. The sf 36 is a measure of health status and an abbreviated variant of it, the sf 6d, is commonly used in health economics as a variable in the qualityadjusted life year calculation to determine the costeffectiveness of a health treatment. As part of the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear, multisite study to explain variations in patient outcomes, rand developed the 36 item short form health survey sf 36. Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patient groups colleen a. A 36 item short form sf 36 was constructed to survey health status in the medical outcomes study.
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